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ESApod, audio and video from space Podcasts

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The Ulysses legacy

For more than 17 years, the joint ESA/NASA mission Ulysses studied the heliosphere (the sphere of influence of the Sun) and our local interstellar neighbourhood, providing the first-ever map of the heliosphere in the four dimensions of space and time. Ulysses was designed to last for five years but it is still returning valuable data. The mission, which takes the spacecraft over the poles of the Sun, was extended four times, allowing Ulysses to pass over the Sun’s poles for a second and t ...

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Galileo, time and space

The Galileo constellation will be the world's most reliable global navigation system. The technologies that have been developed to achieve such precision will also provide data for use in many other fields, such as oceanography and meteorology. The Galileo system will also open new horizons in fundamental sciences. The extremely small differences in timekeeping between the satellite clocks moving in orbit and their Earth-bound counterparts will lead scientists to a re-evaluation of the natu ...

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ILA Space Pavilion: Space exploration in the future

To land, first, on the Moon and, later, on Mars - in the 2030 timeframe - scientists need a mix of human and robotic missions to know in advance what challenges must be met - to know how humans can survive for years under microgravity, to scout landing zones and to develop precise navigation and artificial intelligence techniques.ESApod video programme

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Earth Observation highlights at ILA Space Pavilion

Earlier this week, ESA signed a contract at the Berlin Airshow's Space Pavilion to build the EarthCARE satellite - the Agency's 'Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation' mission. Due for launch in 2013, EarthCARE will gather data to give scientists a better understanding of the interactions between radiation and clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere. Earth Observation is a central pillar in Europe's space activities; EO generates direct benefits for citizens and governments and employs science for a b ...

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Traces of Martian life: the search continues

Radar sounders aboard ESA’s Mars Express and NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance orbiters have already detected ice deposits deep underground. Now, after a ten-month journey, NASA’s Phoenix lander will continue the search for water. Its objective is to land in a permafrost region near the north pole. Its suite of instruments will scan the atmosphere and a robotic arm will attempt to dig down to an ice-rich layer expected to lie at arm’s reach below the surface. But water is not the sole elem ...

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GOCE preparing for launch

From an exceptionally low orbital altitude, GOCE (Gravity Field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) will measure global variations in the Earth's gravity field with extreme detail and accuracy. This will result in a unique model of the geoid, which is the surface of equal gravitational potential defined by the gravity field – crucial for deriving accurate measurements of ocean circulation and sea-level change, both of which are affected by climate change. GOCE-derived data is al ...

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Broadband internet via satellite aboard Thalys trains

The principle is simple: a satellite-tracking antenna on the roof of the train ensures a permanent link with a telecommunications satellite. The link is then relayed inside the train through wireless access points installed in the ceilings of the carriages. A great technological achievement: a continuous, two-way link between a train travelling at 300 kilometres per hour and a satellite at an altitude of 36 000 kilometres. The technology demonstrator was developed with ESA support by the UK ...

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Innovation from space exploration and technology transfer

The advantage of using leading edge-technologies from space in other sectors, and vice versa, at the forum 'Innovation from space exploration and technology transfer' taking place 23 April 2008.ESApod video programme

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Technology spin-offs from European space programmes

Technology spin-offs from European space programmes presented at the SpaceTransfer08 event in the Innovations Market for Research and Development section at the Hanover trade fair 2008, taking place 21-25 April 2008.ESApod video programme

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Galileo - the atomic clock

The second Galileo satellite, GIOVE-B, is equipped with the most accurate clock ever to be flown in space. GIOVE B will be launched from Baikonur on 27 April.ESApod video programme

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Galileo - the way forward

The European Union and the European Space Agency are taking to implement Galileo and achieve the full deployment of the first civil satellite navigation system.ESApod video programme

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GIOVE-B

GIOVE-B will be a satellite very close to the satellites planned for the operational Galileo system to be deployed by 2013. In particular it will carry a high precision atomic clock which, once on orbit, will be the most accurate clock ever flying in space. With this launch the European Space Agency and the European Commission are consolidating the foundations of Galileo, the first global civil positioning system.ESApod video programme

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ATV: Closing in on the target

Jules Verne ATV's laser rendezvous sensor will emit a signal and receive a reflection back from the International Space Station. Engineers at the ATV Control Centre and the astronauts on board ISS will monitor the spacecraft as it approaches for docking, making sure it follows a predefined corridor and that the spacecraft is flying at the right angle. This complex system has back-up layers which will kick in if there are any problems. But should its two redundant chains break down, the ATV ...

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ATV orbital rehearsals for ISS docking

On 14 March, ATV successfully demonstrated the crucial Collision Avoidance Manoeuvre, or CAM, in which an automated system successfully took over control of the vessel and moved to a safe location. Now, two more 'Demonstration Days' are scheduled prior to the actual docking. The first, 29 March, will demonstrate that the ATV can automatically calculate its position and manoeuvre with respect to the Station using relative GPS navigation; it will also perform an 'Escape' manoeuvre from the S2 ...

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Moons

A number of missions have spent time exploring these unknown worlds in the solar system. In January 2005, the European lander, Huygens stunned the world as it landed on Saturn's largest moon, Titan, revealing unexpected data. Missions such as ESA's SMART-1, which compiled the first comprehensive inventory of key chemical elements in the lunar surface and tested new technology, have become increasingly important today. To follow-up on the technological breakthroughs of SMART-1, ESA will be ...

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Jules Verne ATV's space cargo

Provided by Thales Alenia Space in Italy, Jules Verne ATV’s Integrated Cargo Carrier is about half the volume of ESA’s Columbus laboratory. Around 180 kg of European cargo was first packed in Italy before being transported to Kourou, in French Guiana. Before the cargo was loaded into the spacecraft, the entire pressurised section was disinfected as a sanitary precaution. Some 1200 kg of supplies, mainly from NASA, were stored on board, including 500 kg of food, and 80 kg of clothing and ...

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ATV: A new generation space vehicle

The 48 cubic meter pressurised cargo module gives the ATV a capacity three times greater than existing space freighters. Its racks can be packed with more than 1300 kg of food, clothes, and equipment. Reservoirs can carry several hundred litres of drinking water and gases. Other tanks are loaded with important quantities of propellants. Astronauts will unload the cargo at their leisure, and use it as a storage area. Unwanted items and refuse placed inside will burn up when the vessel re-ent ...

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ATV: Rendezvous in space

From 1998, the International Space Station has required regular visits - to date 58 dockings - of the Shuttles, Soyuz crew, and Progress supply ships. Unmanned - but man-rated – ESA's Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) has the unique capability to perform automatic rendezvous in a fully autonomous manner. The rendezvous of ESA's Jules Verne ATV with the ISS uses GPS navigation, star tracker devices, two critical sensors, a telegoniometer and a videometer. After raising its orbit to some 40 ...

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ATV Control Centre readies for Europe's first-ever automated docking

Equipped with its own propulsion and navigation system, the unmanned ATV "space truck" - dubbed 'Jules Verne' - has a sophisticated automatic navigation system. Even though the ATV is an automatic space vehicle, ground control experts from ESA and CNES, the French space agency, will be heavily involved in operations. They are prepared for any contingency, determining the route the spacecraft must take to dock with the ISS and working closely with the other two ISS control centres involved i ...

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SMOS: Helping Europe respond to climate change

Three-quarters of the globe is covered in water and its influence is felt everywhere. It’s not only oceans, rivers and lakes that affect the climate but water in all its forms, such as soil moisture and its evaporation. SMOS, ESA’s water mission, will provide a uniform dataset for understanding better the water cycle, thus helping to forecast climate change and predict extreme weather conditions. Circulating at a low orbit of around 750 km above the Earth, SMOS will be the first satelli ...

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The Rosetta Odyssey

Before each manoeuvre, the mission control team at ESA's Space Operations Centre simulates all aspects of the upcoming operation and practices identifying and solving problems that could arise. The multinational team must work as one to react immediately and effectively. Once at its target comet in 2014, Rosetta’s lander, Philae, will touch down and study the comet’s surface composition and drill into the icy nucleus to collect and analyse samples, including complex organic material tha ...

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ESAC – Europe’s window to space

The European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) receives data from deep-space ground stations worldwide. The huge volume of data that comes back to Earth from space has to be calibrated and translated into a format that can be exploited by scientists.ESApod video programme

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Very Long Baseline Interferometry - the sharpest views of the invisible

Radio telescopes must be very large in size to achieve the same resolution as optical telescopes. The only way to do this is by coupling two or more of them, the further apart the better, and to analyse their combined signals. An interferometer is a system which can avoid increased expenses due to the large size of the receiver. It consists of two or more elements of large antennae. By connecting them in a special fashion, it is possible to artificially create a larger telescope. The Europ ...

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Boosting capability: Santa Maria station joins ESTRACK tracking station network

The Santa Maria station (SMA) tracking footprint covers a large portion of the Atlantic ocean. The first launch to be tracked from Santa Maria will take place in early 2008, when Jules Verne, the first Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) to be sent to the International Space Station, lifts off from Europe's Spaceport in French Guiana on board an Ariane 5 launcher.ESApod video programme

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ESA annual press briefing. Listen to the conference with ESA Director General

The conference began at 08:30 with breakfast, followed at 09:00 by a press briefing to review the Agency’s activities in 2007 and look ahead to those of 2008, a year set to be full of events and marked by several major launches (ATV, Giove-B, GOCE, Herschel and Planck, SMOS, Vega), as well as a major programmatic milestone for ESA: the Council meeting at Ministerial level in late November.ESApod audio programme

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GIOVE: Solid foundation for Galileo

Today, the specialists at the European Space Agency's Research and Technology Centre in the Netherlands are able to confirm that the GIOVE-A mission is a success. This is an essential result for the next step in the programme: the launch of GIOVE-B, the second experimental satellite, scheduled for lift off by mid-2008. This satellite will broadcast the latest signals, which have been agreed with the United States, and two different types of onboard technologies that will provide the best ti ...

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ISS update November 2007

Harmony, also known as Node 2, was delivered to the International Space Station (ISS) by the STS-120 Shuttle mission last October. After STS-120 returned to Earth, the ISS Expedition 16 crew continued work to move Harmony to its final destination and get it ready to receive the next stage of the ISS: Europe's Columbus laboratory. Columbus has been installed in the cargo bay of Space Shuttle Atlantis, ready for launch at 22:31 CET (21:31 UT) on December 6th. Two European astronauts will deli ...

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Health alert via satellite

This project is co-funded by the European Space Agency as part of a programme dedicated to telemedicine. The aim is to test a satellite communication system, the only technology that would remain fully operational in the event of a natural disaster. The exercise demonstrates the efficiency of satellite telecommunications for intervention in the field while offering the possibility to inform the rest of the world about the evolution of the situation. This is a good example of what ESA wants ...

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Venus Express Update

Venus Express is the first mission dedicated to the study of the composition and dynamics of the planet’s atmosphere. The European orbiter has identified broad meteorological regimes, all influenced by the gigantic hurricane-like vortices at the poles. From these double-eyed vortices, swirling in the atmosphere, around the planet in just a couple of days, to smoother streams at mid-latitudes and wave-dominated phenomena at lower latitudes - these regimes are, surprisingly, clearly delinea ...

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The Columbus Mission

Columbus, with its planned operational lifetime of ten years, is Europe's first laboratory for long-term research in space conditions. Scientific experiments will be performed on board in the weightlessness of orbit. Once in orbit, Columbus will be taken out of the cargo bay by the Shuttle’s robotic arm. The European laboratory will then be moved to the Italian-built Node 2 connector, where it will be permanently fixed to the Station. Each rack inside Columbus is a laboratory in its own r ...

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Hans Schlegel prepares for Columbus Mission

Schlegel has been preparing for his upcoming mission to deliver Columbus since starting his training as mission specialist with the NASA astronaut class of 1998 at the Johnson Space Center, Houston. All astronauts have to go through this extensive training to prepare for any given situation that might occur during a mission. Following his assignment to the STS-122 Shuttle mission that will deliver the European Columbus laboratory to the International Space Station, recent months have seen a ...

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ESA astronaut Leopold Eyharts ready to make space history

Imagine a multifunctional high-tech laboratory, suspended some 400 km above our heads, dedicated to the achievement of scientific, technological and educational benefits for the citizens of Europe. Well, this dream actually exists, and it's called Columbus. In December, the Space Shuttle will carry Columbus up to the International Space Station along with ESA astronauts Eyharts and Schlegel and five American astronauts. Leopold Eyharts's main role will be to attach the module to the Station ...

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ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli paves the way for Columbus

On 23 October 2007, Italian ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli prepared for take-off on the outbound trip on Space Shuttle Discovery to the ISS. This mission, named Esperia, was exceptional because of the very special payload astronaut Nespoli was responsible for delivering: Node 2. The 'Harmony' Node 2 module is an indispensable building block in the continuing construction of the ISS. As Intra Vehicular astronaut, Paolo Nespoli also co-ordinated all planned spacewalks from inside the Shuttle. T ...

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Earth swing-by: Rosetta operations update

Rosetta, ESA's comet-chasing spacecraft, is due to swing-by Earth tomorrow, 13 November, making closest approach at 21:57 CET. The next three days promise to be intensely busy at ESOC, ESA's Space Operations Centre, in Darmstadt, Germany. On 12 November, ESApod spoke with Andrea Accomazzo, the Spacecraft Operations Manager, who provided an update on the team work going on at ESOC and the support being provided by ESA's New Norcia ESTRACK ground station and by NASA's deep-space network. At 1 ...

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Rosetta's second Earth swing-by

Rosetta swung by Earth in March 2005 and Mars in February 2007. As it approaches its home planet once again, the spacecraft will have travelled more than 3000 million kilometres since launch in 2004. At ESA's Space Operations Centre (ESOC), in Darmstadt, Germany, mission controllers have made the final adjustments to Rosetta's trajectory in preparation for the swing-by. The highest priority is being given to spacecraft operations, as the manoeuvre is critical for the success of the mission ...

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Columbus Control Centre - heart of European ISS operations

ESA's Columbus Control Centre in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, made its successful debut as an ISS control centre in 2006, scheduling and controlling the scientific experiments conducted by ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter during the hugely successful Astrolab mission. With delivery of Europe's space laboratory Columbus to the ISS set for December 2007, flight controllers at 'Col CC' will become responsible not only for scientific experiments but also for a complete laboratory of the International ...

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European Columbus laboratory is ready to launch

The next step is to transfer Columbus and the external payload carrier by canister to Space Shuttle Atlantis, where they will be mounted into the cargo bay in the second week of November. After a month the space laboratory will be launched into space. Once on board the Station, ESA astronaut Léopold Eyharts will support the activation and check out of Columbus and its experiment facilities. Although Columbus is smaller in length than the other modules of the ISS, it offers the same number ...

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The Esperia Mission – October 2007

During a 10-day stay at the Space Station, Paolo Nespoli will coordinate three spacewalks from inside the ISS during which Harmony will be installed. He will also be carrying out experiments on behalf of ESA and of the Italian Space Agency (ASI). In return for Europe providing high-tech nodes for the Space Station, NASA will soon be carrying the European Columbus Laboratory into orbit. Columbus, ESA's most important contribution to the ISS so far, will be used for science experiments and to ...

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European Space Technology Transfer Conference 2007

One hundred business professionals are gathering to learn how space technologies have provided innovative solutions in non-space applications and to discuss their further potential. The conference is being organised by ESA's Technology Transfer Programme, which promotes the use and transfer of space technology and materials to non-space sectors. The European Space Technology Conference 2007 is taking place as part of the Materialica Trade Fair, which focuses on new materials. The venue will ...

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Science with Integral five years on

Integral's gamma-ray mission was originally to last just two years. Given its achievements so far, it is not a surprise that the mission has been extended to 2010. Looking beyond our galaxy, science teams have located more than a hundred super-massive black holes, a million times the mass of the Sun, and which are now believed to be present in space on a much wider scale. Another recently identified source, a quasar, is the farthest object detected by Integral so far, a gamma-ray lighthouse ...

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ISS update October 2007

The first task of the next International Space Station (ISS) phase is to attach the Italian-built Node 2 connector, to which the European Columbus laboratory will be mated. This will be carried out by the STS-120 crew, including ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli, who will fly with Node 2 onboard the Space Shuttle Discovery. The next Shuttle flight after that will carry the European Columbus laboratory, along with two more ESA astronauts; Hans Schlegel and Leopold Eyharts. During a 12-day mission, ...

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Preparing for Mars500 - a simulated mission to Mars

The project, called Mars500, due to start in 2008 will recreate all the phases of a mission to Mars. Six volunteers will remain confined in six modules of a mock-up ground-based spaceship: living quarters with individual cabins, an exercise room and storage area for food and supplies, a bio-medical and laboratory area and one recreating the Martian surface. The simulation will also focus on psychological aspects of such a long-duration confinement. In some respects, the Mars500 concept has ...

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Peru meteorite strike highlights need for expanded scientific knowledge

A 15 September meteorite strike in Peru highlights the need to expand scientists' understanding of asteroids, meteoroids and other NEO, or Near-Earth Objects. Scientists still don't know the precise composition of asteroids, for example, making any attempt to deflect one aimed at the Earth highly problematic. ESA's Rosetta 'comet-chasing' mission, now en route to Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, will be the first to undertake the long-term exploration of a comet from close quarters and incl ...

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Esperia Mission - Paolo Nespoli: Getting ready for the ISS

In only a few weeks time, Italian ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli will join six NASA astronauts on board Space Shuttle Discovery to fly to the International Space Station (ISS). Their task is a challenging one. The Esperia Mission is responsible for the safe delivery and attachment of the ESA financed Node 2 connecting module to the ISS, an essential step for the Station to be able to receive the European Columbus laboratory with the next Shuttle flight in December 2007. In his role as a Missio ...

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ESA hosts international conference on tracking and commanding spacecraft

Telemetry, tracking and command systems are complex networks of ground tracking stations supported by sophisticated signal processing that enable ground controllers to send up commands and receive large amounts of scientific data, often transmitted from millions of kilometres in deep space. These systems are crucial to space success and require unique, high-precision engineering, often adapted to the requirements of different missions. However all space agencies must rationalise costs and a ...

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ESA at MAKS 2007

ESA joins other major space and aviation players at the 8th International Aviation and Space Salon, MAKS 2007, at the Zhukovsky Air Base near Moscow this week, inaugurated by President Vladimir Putin.ESApod video programme

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Celebrating of completing ESA's Earth Explorer, GOCE

In the northern Italian town of Turin on the 19 July 2007, scientists and engineers from the European Space Agency held a press conference to celebrate the completion of the new Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE). After six years in development, the instrumentation carried on GOCE was on show in Italy at Thales Alenia Space, the company that has co-ordinated the project to date. GOCE is the first Core Earth Explorer mission to be developed as part of ESA's Liv ...

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ESA's lorry to the International Space Station – ATV

ESA’s Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) will launch on board an Ariane 5 rocket from Europe's Spaceport, in Kourou, French Guiana. ATV will be used to restock the shelves in the International Space Station (ISS), at a frequency of one every 18 to 24 months. Weighing 20 tonnes and the size of a London double-decker bus, ATV is the largest spacecraft ever developed in Europe. Every ATV will deliver up to 6 tonnes of cargo to the ISS. Apart from food, water, air and clothes, the ATV also carr ...

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ESOC - Where Missions Come Alive

Cool profile of the people and activities at ESOC, ESA's Space Operations Centre, in Darmstadt, Germany. ESOC operates 10 major missions comprising 13 spacecraft, with a dozen more in preparation. It also controls ESA's worldwide ESTRACK ground station network. Over 750 specialists from Europe and other countries focus on sophisticated technologies including spacecraft operations, ground station engineering, software development, navigation science and space debris monitoring.ESApod video p ...

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ESA, NASA, Russian astronauts: Where next in space?

As part of the Astrolab Mission post-flight tour, ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter is joined by his ISS Expedition 13 and 14 colleagues, Pavel Vinogradov (Russia), Jeffrey Williams (NASA), Michael Lopez-Alegria (NASA) and Mikail Tyurin (Russia), for a lively discussion on the future direction of human exploration in our Solar System. The session took place 22 June 2007 at ESA's Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany, and included Bob Chesson, ESA's manager for Human Spaceflight and Explor ...

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Paris Air Show: Focus on ESA

ESAPod reports from Le Bourget, near Paris, home of the biannual Paris International Air Show, now in its 47th edition. European space achievements are on display at the "Space Pavilion," which aims to promote space as an essential activity for European science, industry and competitiveness. ESA is highlighting projects and programmes related to human spaceflight, environmental and security monitoring, space science and launcher technology.ESApod video programme

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Hubble's European success

In May 2007, more than 17 years after the launch of Hubble, European Hubble scientists met in The Netherlands to discuss and share their achievements. This gathering took place just a few weeks before the signature of the official agreement between ESA and NASA on the James Webb Space Telescope, considered by many as the successor of Hubble. Today, we have the pleasure of talking to ESA's Dr Duccio Macchetto, Associate Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute.ESApod video programm ...

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ESA ground operations: working smarter, better

As spacecraft and space missions expand in number and sophistication, building and operating the complex ground infrastructure required to operate in space is also becoming more demanding. ESA is successfully rationalising ground systems and infrastructure - the people, computers, networks and software that operate missions in space - while still achieving essential mission requirements.ESApod audio programme

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Alien electricity in Titan's atmosphere

Since Huygens' January 2005 descent to Titan's surface, scientists have gained a new understanding of the Saturn moon's complex, 1300-km-thick atmosphere. Some of the most intriguing data returned by the HASI, or Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument, point to the possible existence of an electrical resonance effect, called Schumann resonance, on Titan. If confirmed, this would be the first such electrical field resonance seen outside our own planet. The effect may help scientists confir ...

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Modelling Huygen's descent crucial for interpreting results

On the afternoon of 14 January 2005, the European Space Agency probe Huygens made a stunning descent through Titan's 1300-km-thick atmosphere. Titan, a moon of Saturn, was then some 1.4 thousand million km from the Earth. Obviously no human viewed the descent first-hand, yet reconstructing and modelling the precise wind-blown trajectory that Huygens took to reach the surface is crucial to correlating and synthesizing all data transmitted from Huygens' six instrument packages. This week, sci ...

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Cassini-Huygens: New results from an enigmatic world

On 14 January 2005, the European Space Agency probe Huygens made a spectacular touch-down on Saturn’s enigmatic moon titan, and an international team of scientists continues to analyse data radioed back during Huygens’s 2-1/-hour descent. This week, the 42nd Cassini-Huygens project science group meeting is being held in Athens, Greece. Scientists are expected to announce many new findings based on an in-depth analysis of Huygens data and on comparisons between Huygens data and results r ...

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Envisat Symposium 2007

Following in the footsteps of ESA’s former missions ERS-1 and ERS-2, launched in the 1990s, Envisat’s sophisticated optical and radar instruments have produced in five years a large amount of data. Its observations of the Earth’s land, atmosphere, oceans and ice caps have provided scientists with a greater understanding of the workings of our planet and the reasons behind climate change. Apart from mapping and monitoring atmospheric pollution, Envisat is also taking the temperature of ...

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Satellites vital for environmental agreements

On Tuesday, 24 April, a special session of the 2007 Envisat Symposium was dedicated to the use of EO satellites in support of international environmental conventions in close collaboration with UN agencies, the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP).ESApod video programme

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Flying safely with EGNOS over Europe

The aircraft that is normally used for calibrating French airport equipment was specially equipped to conduct precision approaches guided by the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS). The ATR42 plane of the Direction Générale de l'Aviation Civile (DGAC – French Civil Aviation Authority) performed a number of test approaches and landings at Limoges airport. One of the main advantages of EGNOS in this application is that it is available everywhere without the need for ...

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Munich roadmap for GMES services

On April 17th, the European Union will host a high-level conference in Munich to define a roadmap for the future of GMES, Europe's global monitoring for environment and security initiative. The GMES programme is vital for Europe and is ensuring independent access to information relating to the environment, climate change and security. ESA's Volker Liebig says GMES activities are already yielding practical results and in the future even more benefits are expected for European citizens.

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Space safety is a global concern

ESA's space safety interests are growing as the Agency's own near-Earth missions increase and as space tourism and commercial flights worldwide take off. At this year's IAASS conference, delegates will consider a White Book entitled: "An ICAO for Space?" proposing an international organisation for the coordination and regulation of civil space safety matters, on the model of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).ESApod audio programme

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STS-116 mission highlights

This highlights video shows the STS-116 crew preparing for launch and successfully reaching the ISS two days later. Once on board the Station, ESA astronaut Christer Fuglesang performed three spacewalks, also known as Extra Vehicular Activities or EVAs, and a number of experiments. During the mission Fuglesang also participated in an inflight call with Swedish Crown Princess Victoria and Swedish minister Maud Olofsson. Together with his ESA colleague Thomas Reiter, Fuglesang shared his expe ...

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Climate and space weather

Space weather is a chain of processes originating at the sun, propagated through interplanetary space, interacting with the Earth’s magnetic field and eventually generating a number of phenomena in the Earth’s atmosphere. Scientists in Copenhagen are exploring the link between Earth’s climate and space weather.The sun’s magnetic field shields us from most of the highly energetic particles coming from space but, depending on solar activity, some of these particles can break through t ...

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Polar year

Scientists from across the world are studying the polar regions to scrutinise any changes in ice cover and the potential effect this might have on our future. Over the next 18 months, the high latitudes are currently also top of the agenda as the International Polar Year 2007-2008 began on 1 March 2007. The system of heat transportation is one of the main drivers of weather and climate and snow and ice play an important part in regulating this system in a number of ways. As solar rad ...

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Space Food

Food in space has evolved since the early missions. Above all it must provide each astronaut with the necessary daily intake of calories, vitamins and minerals necessary to cope with the special conditions of space. There are also other considerations such as convenience in preparation, ease of storage and microbiological safety.As on Earth, a meal in space is also an opportunity for the crew to sit together and unwind after a hard day's work. The gourmet meals served to ESA astronaut Thoma ...

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Herschel – the largest space telescope

With its 3,5 meter mirror and cryogenic science payload, ESA's Herschel Space Observatory will deliver unprecedented images and spectra of very cool, distant, and poorly known objects in the universe. As the first of a new generation of space telescopes, Herschel will be studying stars being born in our own Galaxy, the evolution of newborn galaxies billions of light-years away, and primitive objects dating from the formation of our own solar system. Herschel will provide unprecedented sen ...

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Space Options for the 21st Century

The conference explores some of the many important and critical issues affecting society today and in the future, including climate change, water management and natural disasters. It has brought together experts interested in this broad, complex and global topic. The emphasis is on how space systems, technologies and applications are helping to provide viable solutions to problems on Earth. The space industry can play a pivotal role with society, governments and policy makers in exchanging ...

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Rosetta successfully swings-by Mars

Yesterday, engineers at ESA's Space Operations Centre confirmed that Rosetta had successfully swung by Mars in the second of four critical gravity assists in its ten-year voyage to comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Closest approach occurred at 3:15 AM CET at an altitude of 250 km; departure velocity was estimated to be 36 191 km/hour relative to the Sun. In addition to confirming extensive and careful operations preparations, the successful passage allowed scientists to switch on several of ...

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ESA's 'Cosmic Vision 2015-2025' sees Europe as space science leader

Since 2004, ESA has gathered over 150 imaginative ideas for new investigations proposed by scientists worldwide. The team preparing the Cosmic Vision plan has identified areas where major progress can be expected in the next two decades. Now, says Prof David Southwood, the Agency's Director of Science, ESA is ready to ask the greater science community for specific mission proposals.ESApod audio programme

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Rosetta flyby

On 25 February 2007, the Rosetta spacecraft will go round the far side of the Red Planet, swooping to within only a few hundred kilometres of its surface. This gravity assist manoeuvre will alter its course for the next leg of the ten-year odyssey towards final its destination: Comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko.Since the probe's launch in March 2004, several missions have shed new light on the nature and composition of comets. Analysis of comet particles has revealed chemical elements originatin ...

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Rosetta in critical Mars swing by

On 25 February, Rosetta will swing by Mars in the second of four critical gravity assists in its ten-year voyage to comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The upcoming manoeuvre, with Rosetta skimming Mars at 250 kilometres, is a delicate operation and a key milestone, and mission controllers and flight dynamics specialists at ESA's Space Operations Centre are in intense preparations for the early-morning event. The spacecraft will also conduct observations of Mars, primarily to help calibrate t ...

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ESA DG meets the press

On 17 January, ESA Director General Jean-Jacques Dordain met the press at ESA headquarters in Paris to take stock of the agency's activities in 2006 and announce the main highlights for 2007. Last year saw ESA involved in a wide range of missions and activities related to space exploration, Earth observation, the Galileo navigation system and climate change. 2007 - the 50th anniversary of the launch of Sputnik - promises to be an exciting year. Scheduled flights include the automated ...

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European workshop on space exploration strategy

In the historic city of Edinburgh, Scotland, ESA kicked off its series of stakeholder consultation workshops that will eventually inform the long-term European space exploration strategy. This is a key element in the preparation of the next ESA Council at Ministerial level and the space exploration activities that will be tabled for decision. This first workshop, hosted by the British National Space Centre (BNSC), saw the participation of over 170 people, from all over Europe, as well as US ...

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Unfolding the Universe's Dark Matter

Although the invisibility of dark matter makes it hard to detect, eluding scientists for decades, the team of astronomers led by Richard Massey of the California Institute of Technology has finally been able to achieve this, thanks to the of the Hubble COSMOS survey - the largest survey of the universe ever conducted by the Space Telescope.The map offers a first glimpse at the web-like large-scale distribution of dark matter in the Universe, like seeing a complex structure in daylight for t ...

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COROT – In search of rocky planets

Since the discovery in 1995 of the first extra solar planet. more than two hundred have been identified using ground-based telescopes. COROT will be launched on 27 December 2006 by a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan, and will be placed in a polar orbit around Earth at an altitude of some 850 fifty kilometres. Led by the French Space Agency CNES, the COROT mission today has a wide-ranging European scientific and technological participation including ESA, Austria, Belgium ...

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ESA joins the European Network of Living Labs

Innovation is more and more the result of collaborative activities involving all of the participating actors in a co-creative process using emerging information, such as advanced communication techniques, the latest satellite Earth Observation data and other leading-edge technologies. Recognising this, the European Commission, under the Finnish Presidency, established in November 2006 the European Network of Living Labs to foster the creation of a European-wide platform that brings end-use ...

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COROT - a new boost for exoplanets and astroseismology

Are we alone in the Universe? Are there other planets like our own orbiting distant stars? COROT, the upcoming exoplanet-hunting mission, promises to open our eyes on new, fascinating alien worlds. ESApod audio programme

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Celsius Mission event in Stockholm

A report from Stockholm, Sweden, where ESA, the Swedish National Space Board and the City of Stockholm are sponsoring a unique "Space Base" to mark the mission of ESA astronaut Christer Fuglesang - a native of Sweden - to the ISS.ESApod video programme

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ASTRA 2006 – ESA workshop on robotics and automation

ESA's Aurora Programme for robotic and human exploration of the Solar System is expected to increase the need for space automation and robotics. The research and development needed to make these ambitions a reality is already underway. ESApod takes a look at the ongoing European activities which were highlighted during ASTRA 2006 – the 9th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation – which took place at ESA's research and technology centre, ESTEC, in Noordw ...

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The Celsius Mission

Swedish ESA astronaut Christer Fuglesang will fly to the ISS in December 2006 as part of the seven-strong STS-116 Space Shuttle crew.The rewiring process of the ISS will begin with NASA ground control switching off power to the Station. Along with NASA astronaut Robert Curbeam, Fuglesang will float outside the Station to connect the electrical systems to new solar panels attached in September. The Shuttle crew will be received by the three astronauts who are currently living on board the IS ...

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Vega

In 2008, Vega will place into orbit its first small satellite missions. The new launch vehicle's reference capability is to carry a spacecraft weighing 1.5 tonnes into a polar orbit with an altitude of 700 kilometres, a relatively low orbit. The launcher is not able to inject large spacecraft into geostationary orbit but that is not its purpose - Ariane 5 fulfils that rôle. Vega is the only launcher of its class that can launch several satellites in a single mission. This new generation l ...

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ISS update November 2006

The ISS will grow considerably in the next few years with the addition of new solar panel generators and three research labs before being completed in 2010. During his six-month stay, German ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter, a member of the permanent ISS crew since July this year, is devoting 136 hours to research experiments. Another ESA astronaut, Christer Fuglesang, from Sweden, is training at NASA’ s Johnson Space Center, in Houston. Fuglesang will make his first mission to the Space Stat ...

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ATV docking trials

The Automated Transfer Vehicle, 20 tonnes and the size of a London double-decker bus, is the largest spacecraft ever built in Europe. The unmanned vehicle will be used to ferry cargo to the International Space Station and to raise its orbit.The first flight model, 'Jules Vernes', due to be launched next year, is currently undergoing final integration and space environmental tests at ESA's test facilities at in Noordwijk, the Netherlands.Jules Vernes' crucial navigation systems are simultane ...

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Space Law

Prof. René Oosterlinck, ESA Director of Directorate of External Relations explains how the issues of space law first arose during the Cold War, with the launch in 1957 of the Russian Sputnik, the world’s first satellite, closely followed by the first American satellite. The race was on to be first on the Moon and no sovereignty rights existed in outer space. In 1967 the Outer Space Treaty, ratified by the UN, fundamentally recognised that space belonged to everyone and in 1969 the US too ...

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GOCE: getting the low down on gravity

By measuring the Earth's gravity field and modelling the geoid, or hypothetical surface of the Earth, with extremely high accuracy and spatial resolution, GOCE will significantly advance our knowledge of how the Earth works in several domains – oceanography, geophysics and geodesy – as well as providing insight into the physics and dynamics of the Earth's interior, such as volcanism and earthquakes.ESApod video programme

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The new Hubble servicing mission

NASA has decided to launch a Space Shuttle mission in 2008 to repair and upgrade the NASA/ESA observatory. This servicing mission will ensure that Hubble can function for perhaps as many as another ten years and will increase its scientific capabilities in some key areas. Two new scientific instruments will be installed as part of the upgrade: the Cosmic Origin Spectrograph and the Wide Field Camera 3. Both will improve Hubble's potential for discovery. Around the same time of this mission, ...

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Christer Fuglesang prepares for take-off

In 1992 Christer Fuglesang was chosen as a crew member of the STS-116 Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station, which is now scheduled for launch in December 2006. Fuglesang started training at Star City cosmonaut training centre near Moscow, Russia, in 1993. It was here he first met fellow ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter, whom he will bring back from the ISS in December. At Star City he learned how to operate the Soyuz spacecraft, but the toughest part of the training was to le ...

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MetOp-A Launch

With an array of sophisticated instrumentation, MetOp-A promises to provide data of unprecedented accuracy and resolution on a host of different variables such as temperature and humidity, ocean surface wind speed and direction and concentrations of ozone and other trace gases – thus marking a major advance in global weather forecasting and climate monitoring capabilities.ESApod video programme

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Controlling Columbus

Activity is increasing at the Columbus Control Centre, the ground control facility for Europe's Columbus laboratory. Following the launch of Columbus to the International Space Station in 2007, a team of some 80 scientists and engineers based at the control centre in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, will monitor on board systems and communicate with the ISS and ground control centres in the United States, Europe and Russia. The team is currently undergoing constant training and simulations to pre ...

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Water on Mars

Since its arrival in December 2003 Europe’s Mission to Mars has been studying the composition of the atmosphere, mapping the surface and diving into the subsurface of Earth’s neighbour to find further evidence that water once flowed on the planet and could still be present. The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) onboard Mars Express has delivered grandiose vistas of the Martian landscape. The camera has discovered accumulation of ice and snow and even a frozen sea. There are also indi ...

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Astrolab mission control

A report from the Columbus Control Centre in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, where a team of engineers and managers are providing support to the Astrolab Mission - Europe's first long-duration mission to the International Space Station (ISS). During his six-month stay on the ISS, ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter is carrying out an intensive scientific programme including experiments in human physiology, biology and physics. Reiter receives support for these activities from the Columbus Control Centre ...

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Understanding Titan's tholins

Before the 2005 Huygens mission to Titan, ground-based observations, and the first Voyager fly-by, had revealed a nitrogen-and-methane-dominated atmosphere, suitable for the formation of carbon-rich compounds. Additional data from Huygens show that the solid particles in Titan's atmosphere are made of complex organic materials whose properties are very much like those of tholins created in laboratories. However, the amount of carbon measured in the moon's methane appears to indicate that t ...

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ESA at the IAC in Valencia

The International Astronautical Congress (IAC) is organised each year by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) and its associates. IAC 2006 is being held in Valencia's City of Arts, attended by over 2500 delegates - including the heads of all the major space agencies, industry, academia the media and the space-interested public. For organisations like ESA this is an excellent opportunity to share the latest information on current and future space projects and programmes. The ESA ...

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ESA astronauts meet the press

Today, German and international media met ESA astronauts at the European Astronaut Centre, in Cologne, Germany, to discover more on their intense preparations for upcoming missions and pose questions live to Thomas Reiter on board the ISS. With the ongoing completion of the ISS, and with ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter onboard for the Astrolab mission, additional European astronauts are actively preparing for upcoming flights. Reiter will be followed into space this year by Swedish astronaut ...

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ISS crew answers questions from space

In addition to those mentioned above, questions included, How high is the ISS? And one audience member was also curious as to what time it is on the ISS; since it orbits several times per day, the time 'zone' must always be changing? Listen to a lively and animated discussion with the ISS crew.ESApod audio programme

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Mapping epidemics with satellites

Very serious human diseases, such as malaria and meningitis, are linked to environmental factors. With satellite remote sensing we can gather information on these factors and help researchers to better understand diseases. The European Space Agency's Epidemio project, launched in 2004, combines data from Earth Observation satellites, such as ESA's Envisat or the French Space Agency's Spot, with field work to combat the spread of epidemics. By establishing a relationship between environment ...

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MARES - measuring muscle strength in space

A look at MARES - the Muscle Atrophy Research and Exercise System - a pioneering new instrument for neuromuscular and exercise research on the International Space Station.ESApod video programme

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Impact landing on the Moon

SMART-1's instruments have been sending back brilliant new pictures of the Moon and have been looking for clues to how the Moon was formed - perhaps in a collision between the young Earth and another planet, billions of years ago. Telescopes on Earth hope to catch the final moments of the mission as SMART-1 impacts the Moon.At the European Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt the mission controllers use SMART-1's small controlling thrusters in a clever way to make sure it crashes where ast ...

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SMART-1: end of mission review

Launched in 2003, SMART-1 tested innovative technology on its way to the Moon, including the first use of a solar-electrical propulsion engine for interplanetary trips. Since it started orbiting the Moon in Spring 2005, SMART-1 started collecting a wealth of lunar images and data about the surface mineralogy - Europe's heritage for future lunar missions..ESApod video programme

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ESA Summer School focuses on Global Change

The world's leading scientists are sharing their expertise and experience with the next generation of scientists in order to teach them the practicalities of remote sensing, modelling and data assimilation techniques. A major focus is on detailing the current state of global change and its relationship to society.ESApod video programme

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Farnborough International Airshow 2006

The high profile event provided a forum for the leading VIPs and industry figureheads to meet, network and discuss the future of the International Space Industry.ESApod video programme

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Mapping Venus' atmosphere in 3D

Giuseppe Piccioni is co-Principal Investigator for the VIRTIS science team. The instrument's initial results are helping scientists create a detailed, 3-dimensional map of the Venusian atmosphere. Knowledge of atmospheric composition will help determine if volcanoes are active on the surface.ESApod audio programme

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Mysterious haze and heavy water on Venus

French scientist Jean-Loup Bertaux oversees the Ultraviolet and Infrared Atmospheric Spectrometer on Venus Express. After the first month in nominal orbit, he's already found haze much higher in the thick Venusian atmosphere than expected, as well as fantastic evidence for heavy water, which could help determine how much water was on Venus at the start.ESApod audio programme

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