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Radio de Boleros y Musica Romantica desde Buenos Aires Argentina Primary Format : Oldies Language : es Also Listed as: User Tags: boleros melodico romantico User Votes: RSS Feed Website People found this Podcast Searching for: View this Podcast on a Google Map. Podcast iTunes Link Text Only listing of FM_PENUMBRAS Podcasts Methings.com listings of FM_PENUMBRAS Podcasts If you like this podcast, you might also like:

Georgia Stories Biographies - Rebecca Latimer Felton The first woman to serve as a United States Senator was from Georgia. Her name was Rebecca Latimer Felton. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories - The Judicial Branch The Judicial Branch of Georgia state government handles matters of the law. Most legal matters in the state of Georgia are reviewed by a judge or a jury, who are both a central part of the court system. The Judicial Branch of Georgia consists of several different types of courts. There are two appellate level courts: [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies - Sequoyah Sequoyah, a Cherokee Indian with ties to Georgia and Oklahoma, did something no other person in recorded history has done. He created a system of writing for an unwritten language. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies - William McIntosh Perhaps the fatal mistake made by William McIntosh, born in 1778 to a Scottish father and a Creek Indian mother, was to try to satisfy the demands of both cultures. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies - Abraham Baldwin Abraham Baldwin only lived 53 years, but in that time he accomplished more than most people ever dream of doing. In his lifetime he was a state legislator, founder and president of a university, member of the Confederation Congress, signer of the U.S. Constitution, and member of the U.S. House and later the U.S. Senate. [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies - Henry Grady Henry Grady (1850-1889), journalist and speaker, brought fame and industry to a New South during Reconstruction period.  Grady and other progressives knew that the South would have to do more than depend on agriculture to support their economy. The South needed to industrialize with the help of Northern investors.  His speeches around the country and [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories - Georgia and the United States Constitution Not long after the Articles of Confederation were drawn up in 1777, Georgia and the United States decided they would need a strong central government. In 1887, each state sent representatives to Philadelphia to a Constitutional Convention. They met to write a new Constitution that would set-up the government we have today. Georgia sent four [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories - The Executive Branch The executive branch is the largest of Georgia’s three branches of state government. The Georgia constitution names eight officers that are elected by all Georgia voters to serve in the executive branch. They lead agencies responsible for enforcing state laws and carrying out programs like education, elections, and law enforcement. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories - The Legislative Process On the second Monday of every year, the Georgia General Assembly convenes for a 40-day session. The General Assembly is our state’s legislative body. Located in the capital of Atlanta, it’s where state laws are written, debated, and amended. The Legislature consists of two chambers, the Senate and the House of Representatives. Much of [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies - Thomas Watson Thomas Watson is one of Georgia’s most perplexing historical figures. An early champion of poor farmers in the shambles after the Civil War, he was the voice of the Populist Party. In his later years, however, he was known as a divisive and racist politician. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies - John Ross From 1828 to 1860, the Cherokee people were led by the remarkable John Ross. During a 32-year period that ended with his death, Ross presided over the birth of Cherokee Nation, the removal of his people from their homeland, and the founding of a new nation in a distant place. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 107: Bird Food If you are driving along a Georgia highway, don’t be surprised if you see an ostrich, emu, or rhea. These exotic birds are being raised on farms for sale to restaurants as food. Today, there are about 11,000 farms in Georgia raising these birds. In this episode, Fowler Farms (Albany) owners Suzanne Shingler and Wayne [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 106: Recycling Comes to Georgia The average American creates about four pounds of garbage every day. Americans throw out about 180 million tons of solid waste every year. 73% of this waste goes to landfills, but space is running out. Landfills are expensive and there is a scarcity of available land for them. In 1990 the Georgia legislature requested that [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 105: Habitat for Humanity For many people, the cost of housing continually exceeds their income. In 1973, one man decided to do something about this situation. Millard Fuller, a self-made millionaire, went to Africa, where he helped poor people to build homes. When he returned to America, he used what he had learned in Africa to begin Habitat for [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 104: The Second Busiest Airport in the World The Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport, a major part of the air transport industry, provides companies with easy access to the world. Each day 2,200 flights arrive in and depart from the airport, going to and coming from 180 destination points. Hartsfield Atlanta is a hub airport; the vast majority of people passing through the airport [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 103: Granite Sculptor Dario Rossi , one of Elberton’s most prominent sculptors was born in Carrara, Italy, a town known for its fine marble used in religious statues. Rossi decided to become a sculptor after World War II and served as an apprentice in Italy for 16 years. He first came to Elberton in the 1960’s and today [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 102: Granite Capital of the World Elberton, Georgia, known as the “Granite Capital of the World,” sits on a fault of granite 35 miles long, 6 miles wide, and 2 to 3 miles deep. The first granite was quarried here in 1889. It was used to build bridges and broken into gravel for railroad tracks. The industry flourished by the turn [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 81: The New South and Leo Frank Leo Frank, a northern Jew who had moved to Atlanta to manage a pencil factory, was accused of murdering a 14-year-old factory employee named Mary Phagan in the year 1913. After a sensationalized trial, Frank was found guilty and sentenced to hang. He was convicted primarily on suspicious testimony. Georgia Governor John Slaton was not [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 80: Pink Morton Monroe Bowers Morton was known as “Pink” for his light skin (he was the son of a former slave mother and white father). He built the Morton Theater in 1910. Morton served as a postmaster, published two newspapers, and owned 30 buildings. The center of his empire was the Morton Building, which became the center [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 79: American Culture, Coca-Cola Coca-Cola’s legacy began in 1886 when a druggist named John “Doc” Pemberton sold the syrup that he used in his drugstore fountain drinks. Asa Candler purchased the formula after Pemberton’s death, and devoted $50,000 a year to advertising. Coca-Cola was constantly embroiled in legal battles to keep copycat products off the market, a fight eventually [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 101: High School Dropouts Forty years ago, a person without a high school diploma still stood a pretty good chance of supporting himself at a job providing an adequate living. For the 30,000 Georgians who now drop out of school every year, the situation has changed; computer, language, and communication skills taught in high school have become essential for [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 100: Teenagers and the Economy Five million teenagers — 75% of all seniors — have jobs. Advertising and the pressure to buy bombard today’s teenagers like never before. As major consumers, teens have to work to earn the money needed in the marketplace. Studies show that teens who work up to 10 hours a week actually get higher grades. For [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 99: Women in the Work Force In this segment, we learn about changing perceptions of women in the workplace. Prior to the 1960’s, most women did not work outside the home. Work was considered second to family. Women with professional careers were usually secretaries, nurses, teachers, or librarians. Most working women had low-paying jobs with little chance for promotion or pay [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 98: The Music Industry Atlanta is home to a $600 million-a-year recording industry. Grammy award-winning group TLC hail from Atlanta and record for Atlanta-based LaFace Records. According to some, Atlanta is convenient to major studios and producers, and the cost of living is lower than cities such as Los Angeles. Participants in the recording industry discuss Atlanta’s importance to [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 97: The Economic Aspects of Special Events Sporting events, conventions, and festivals generate $3 billion a year for Georgia’s economy. The 1996 Olympics alone were projected to add $5 billion. The Super Show, Atlanta’s biggest convention, draws 110,000 people every year. Atlanta is a major convention city because of its airport, facilities, hotel rooms, and restaurants, but other Georgia cities have their [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 96: The Computer Industry Though the Internet has become popular only in recent years, both the computer industry and the Internet have their origins in the 1950’s. At that time, computers were extremely expensive; they were so large they took up entire rooms. Because there were relatively few of them in the country, scientists often had to travel to [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 95: The Candy Cane Factory Bob’s Candies, an Albany company founded by Bob McCormack in 1919, is the largest manufacturer of striped candy in the world. McCormack was the first manufacturer to wrap his candies in cellophane. Work was done by hand, and was consequently very slow, but that changed when Gregory Keller (great uncle to current president Gregory McCormack) [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 94: Agriculture and Technology Once, the typical farm was only about 30 acres, because that was all a single farmer could cultivate. Today, the typical farm is over 1,000 acres and a farmer can produce more per acre than his grandfather ever dreamed of. Global Positioning Systems, a technology developed from the Gulf War, applies satellite technology to agriculture. [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 93: The Economic Aspects of the Civil Rights Movement The Civil Rights movement was about political and social equality, but it was also about economic opportunity long denied. This episode tells the stories of three African-Americans: farmer and sharecropper descendent Felder Daniels, NAACP member and Tybee Beach resident Tena Butler, and a 1960’s custodial employee named Lillie Rossner. Doug Bachtel, University of Georgia, comments. Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 92: The Interstate Highway System In the late 1930’s the Roosevelt administration proposed a system of interstate highways modeled on the German autobahn. The project was started under the Truman administration in the early 1950’s. The interstate system sounded the death knell for many communities that were located on highways. The episode analyzes the rise and fall of Ludowici, in [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 91: Television Stories Personal memories influence the stories and poems of Atlanta writer Tony Grooms. Television images from his childhood also show up in much of his writing. Two examples are given in which his words are illustrated by television and childhood memory scenes. The first story, “Negro Progress,” was inspired by the newscasts of the water-hosing of [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 90: Television, the Electronic Marvel The first television station in the South, WSB, began broadcasting in 1948. By the early 1960’s most families had a television set. Television quickly became the number one leisure activity for children. It brought news to the masses with unprecedented immediacy. This contributed to some big changes in society. Congressman John Lewis believes that, “Without [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 89: Baby Boomers For twenty years following the close of World War II, America experienced a “Baby Boom.” Long separations during the war, plus a high number of American casualties, spurred the desire to start families. Women were encouraged to stop working and choose children over careers. By the 1980’s, the birthrate declined to about half of what [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 88: Depression Era Hobo After the Civil War, many men headed west in search of work. Many carried a hoe with them. These “hoe boys” eventually became known as “hobos.” Hobos were not “bums” or “tramps”; they were men seeking work wherever they could find it. They lived out of doors in camps known as “jungles.” The dangers of [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 87: The Voice of the South On March 15, 1922, Atlanta’s WSB (for “Welcome South, Brother”) became the first radio station to broadcast in the South. At that time, almost anyone who could do anything could get on the air. Radio became a source of comfort (Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s reassuring Fireside Chats), alarm (Orson Welles’ famous War of the Worlds broadcast) [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 86: The Tufted Bedspread Industry The multi-billion dollar carpet industry of Dalton, Georgia had humble origins. In 1893, 15 year-old Catherine Evans created her first tufted bedspread. By the 1920’s, the production of tufted spreads had blossomed into a “cottage industry.” Cotton mills produced the raw materials, and “haulers” served as middlemen between the mills, the spread makers, and the [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 85: The Rural Electrification Administration By the 1930’s, cities had enjoyed electricity for decades. However, no power company was willing to foot the cost of running electric lines to isolated farm homes, and most farmers would not have been able to afford electricity anyway. The Rural Electrification Administration was created under the New Deal. It provided low-cost loans to groups [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 84: Berry College, the Gate of Opportunity Martha Berry founded Possum Trot, a log cabin school for rural children, at Oak Hill, on her Rome, Georgia family’s plantation. In addition to receiving academic and religious instruction, her students were trained in manual skills — students literally helped build the Berry School. Berry was a tireless fund-raiser; Henry Ford became the school’s biggest [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 83: Dreams Never Realized, the Strike of 1914-15 Oscar Elsas established Atlanta’s Fulton Bag and Cotton Mill. The textile mill’s employees included farm families seeking a better life. Despite relatively high salaries and company housing, the 60 – 70 hour workweeks and repetitive labor disillusioned many employees. As former farmers, they were accustomed to more independence. They suffered from conditions that made it [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 82: The Atlanta Fire The Atlanta fire ravaged the northeastern section of Atlanta in 1917. It started in a warehouse near Grady Hospital and spread rapidly to black neighborhoods in Buttermilk Bottom (near today’s Civic Center). The predominance of wooden structures and a strong southern wind fed the flames. Horses pulled most of the fire engines; fire-fighting equipment was [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 78: The Cadillac of Rocking Chairs After the Civil War, poverty and chaos typified many Georgian’s existences. Some people tried to make money collecting body parts from battlefields to sell to survivors; others gathered and sold lead bullets. Kennesaw Mountain, near Marietta, saw some of the war’s heaviest fighting. In this grim setting, James Remley Brumby began manufacturing rocking chairs. These [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 77: Thomasville, Playground of the Northern Industrialists Northern industrialists who profited from the Civil War found a vacation haven in the southwestern Georgia town of Thomasville. Thomasville’s citizens were willing to put the war behind them and open their town to Yankee money. When a cure for malaria was found, Florida usurped Thomasville as the top vacation spot. Historians and Thomasville residents [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 76: March to the Sea Union General William T. Sherman’s March to the Sea commenced with the torching of Atlanta in November 1864. Sherman’s troops, who were instructed to live off the land, took crops and livestock from civilians whose property they crossed – and destroyed. To defend the town of Giswaldville from Sherman’s army, old men and young boys [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 75: Fanny Kemble’s Diary While on tour in the United States, British actress Fanny Kemble met and married Pierce Butler, the absentee owner of a rice and cotton plantation on Georgia’s Sea Islands. Kemble’s Residence on a Georgia Plantation is a record of her months living on her husband’s plantation and her sympathies for the slaves who worked on [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 74: The Economics of War In the early years of the Union naval blockade, Savannah’s blockade-runners were able to import much that civilian Georgians needed. After the blockade was tightened and the port of Savannah closed, Atlanta became the major source of supplies for the Confederate Army. For Georgians in other areas of the state, ingenuity was paramount in overcoming [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 73: Worthless Paydays More Americans died in the Civil War than in any other conflict in our history. For those who lived, daily life was brutal. Supplies were scarce. Soldiers frequently lacked clothes and weapons. Soldiers received only about thirty-nine cents a day for the purchase of all materials that the army could not supply. On payday, the [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 72: The Railroads, Economic Boom The steam-driven railroad reached Georgia in 1835. Train travel was not always comfortable – heat, smoke, and the threat of fire from embers were always present. Nonetheless, trains soon crisscrossed the state. Towns were built on the lines (before the railroads, the only sizable Georgia cities were on navigable rivers). Some towns, like Camak and [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 71: Dr. Crawford W. Long’s Painless Operations Dr. Crawford W. Long of Jefferson, Georgia, performed a surgical procedure in 1842 with anesthetic. Today’s anesthetics allow surgeons to perform much more complex surgery. Susan Deaver, director of the Crawford W. Long Museum in Jefferson, narrates a re-enactment of Dr. Long’s experiment. Scenes from Gone with the Wind show what an amputation was like [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 70: Wesleyan Female College In the 1830’s, a time when women were largely discouraged from receiving an education, Methodists funded, built, and got the Georgia Legislature to charter the Georgia Female College in Macon. Later known as Wesleyan College, it was the first all female college anywhere in the United States. Gena Franklin, Vice-President of Wesleyan, describes the history [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 69: The Thirst for New Land The Creeks were the first tribe to feel the effects of the white population expansion. Benjamin Hawkins, an Indian agent living with the Creeks, thought it expeditious to capitulate with the Federal Government. One group of Creeks fell in line, but another – called the Red Sticks – refused. A civil war broke out. In [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 67: America’s First Gold Rush Hernando de Soto found no gold in his 16th century trek through Georgia, but three hundred years later gold was discovered in the North Georgia mountains, between the Chestatee and Etowah Rivers in what is now Lumpkin County. The discoverer, Benjamin Parks, literally stumbled over a rock containing gold. The first mining town was Auraria; [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 66: Mordecai Shefthall, Colonial Hero Forty-three Spanish Jews came to Georgia in 1733 to escape persecution. One of them – Mordecai Shefthall – became a hero of the Revolution. Shefthall was captured in the Battle of Musgrove Creek because he refused to abandon his son. Despite imprisonment and torture, he did not reveal the whereabouts of Patriot supplies. After his [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 65: The Liberty Boys Just as the American Revolution was a rebellion of the young colonies against the mother country, it was also a conflict that divided the generations. The older generation had prospered under British mercantilism, but the benefits of mercantilism were not readily evident to the younger generation. The Habersham family illustrated the divide. James Habersham, councilor [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 64: Georgia’s Major Export - Rice When colonists came to Georgia, they soon discovered that the swampy lands along the Savannah, Altamaha, and Ogeechee Rivers were perfect for rice. By 1776 rice was Georgia’s primary export. Today there is only one rice farm on the Savannah River delta – Turnbridge Plantation; cotton replaced rice as Georgia’s primary export. Historians and plantation [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 63: Georgia’s Oldest Business During Georgia’s first 30 years, the British government forbade that state to have a newspaper. This situation was rectified in 1763, when an act of the legislature permitted the founding of The Georgia Gazette, Georgia’s first newspaper and the antecedent of The Augusta Chronicle, which was founded in 1786. It is still published. Examples of [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 62: Ebenezer, the Stone of Help On Bay Street in Savannah, there is a monument to the Salzburgers– Lutheran colonists who fled Austria to escape Catholic persecution. Eventually they made their way to Oglethorpe’s Georgia. Today, their descendants gather annually in Ebenezer (Effingham County), where their ancestors had settled. A pastor of the New Jerusalem Church and descendents of the Salzburgers [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 61: Expectations vs. Reality In a novel approach to getting a glimpse into the lives of Georgia’s first settlers, a fictional 18th-century television program, “Colonial Evening News,” looks in on Savannah one year after the landing of the ship Anne on February 12, 1733. The program also reviews the motives for the founding of the colony and describes the [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 60: Naval Stores What are naval stores? It is an unusual term and one not heard as much today as in Georgia’s past. It is not a place to buy a boat, although it sounds like it. Naval stores are byproducts from pine trees like pitch and tar, and they were used to seal wooden ships and keep [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 59: Back Country Settlers Before the 1760’s, most Georgia settlers lived along the coast, primarily in Savannah, Darien, and Ebenezer. Some began to move inland, northwest to Georgia’s back country, but the influx of settlement away from the coast did not begin until 1761, with the purchase of Indian lands by Governor James Wright. Re-enactors discuss the history and [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 58: Mercantilism Every year, 1,700 ships from 100 countries dock in Savannah to load and unload about 4.5 million tons of cargo. Today, trains and trucks move the goods overland to and from the port; in the 18th century, the Savannah River provided the primary access. Furs, skins, lumber, indigo, and rice were exported, while manufactured goods [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 57: Native American Stories Who doesn’t like a good story? We learn about the world from the stories—real or made up—that describe the experiences of others. Some stories are funny while others are scary or sad, and still others confirm what we already know. Native Americans used stories, many still told today, to explain the unknowable and to help [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 56: Native American Culture How can we know anything about prehistoric cultures when written language did not exist to pass information along to succeeding generations? Cherokees Freeman Owle, a stone carver, Amanda Swimmer, a potter, and Driver Pheasant, a storyteller know how. They teach their art and stories to the next generation, passing down cultural traditions so they will [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 55: Early Georgians When you bite into a hot, buttered ear of corn you are enjoying food with an ancient history in Georgia. Corn is the foodstuff responsible for prehistoric Native Americans flourishing in Georgia. Diamond Brown, a Cherokee dancer describes its importance as it is celebrated in the sacred Green Corn ceremony. Through interviews, reenactments, and visits [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 54: Chinese Style Much of Georgia’s Chinese-American population had its origins in 1873 when laborers came to Augusta to dig a canal. They may have joined in American commerce, but they never abandoned their traditions. The New Year in Chinese tradition begins with the first new moon of the calendar year – in late January or early February. [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 53: Georgians Contribute Many 20th century Georgians have made contributions to culture in areas such as literature, music, and motion pictures. One world-renowned artist, Howard Finster, lives in Summerville, in Chatooga County. Finster, whose work is in Washington, D.C.’s Smithsonian Institute and has been featured on Talking Heads and R.E.M. album covers, did not begin painting until he [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 52: El dia de los Muertos More than 250,000 people of Mexican heritage live in Georgia. They bring with them not only a different language, but a variety of customs and beliefs that enrich Georgia’s culture. The Day of the Dead represents one of many Hispanic customs brought by Georgia’s Mexican citizens. On November 1-2, Mexicans celebrate El dia de los [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 51: Civil Rights in the Classroom In this episode, we meet Marie Cochran, who in 1968 was among the first black students to attend a public school in Toccoa. We learn of the differing attitudes of her parents over this event. 25 years later, Marie (now an art professor at Georgia Southern University in Statesboro) created a huge multi-media sculpture called [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 50: The Beat of Civil Rights One of the centers of the Civil Rights movement in the south was Albany in Dougherty County, where the primary goal was to get white merchants to hire black employees. Unfortunately, violence was not avoided. In Albany, as in many other cities, the singing of spirituals was an important facet of life among civil right [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 49: Atlanta’s Example In many cities, violence was an unfortunate part of the Civil Rights movement. Atlanta’s 1960’s fight against segregation was characterized by relatively peaceful sit-ins and boycotts organized by students from the six colleges in the Atlanta University complex. Additionally, practical white leadership by such figures as Mayor William B. Hartsfield, Coca-Cola Chairman Robert Woodruff, Atlanta [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 48: The Big Leagues In addition to their successful sports teams, Georgia has also found entered the “Big Leagues” of film production. Since 1972’s Deliverance, Georgia has been the locale for more than 350 films and television programs. The reasons for this, and the impact movies have had on the state, are explored here. Three Georgia students participated in [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 47: Take Me Out to the Ball Game Even before the Atlanta Braves, Atlanta was a baseball town. For 60 years, the Atlanta Crackers played at Ponce de Leon Stadium, about 3 miles northeast of the center of the city. The Crackers were one of the best minor league teams. Ponce de Leon Stadium made up in character (two magnolias and kudzu in [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 46: No MTV? During the 1950’s, Georgia was a study in contrasts. Much of the state retained a rural character, while Atlanta began an intense period of construction and “modernization.” Only 60 miles separates Franklin from Atlanta, but in the 50’s the two locations represented two different Georgias. Kids in 1950 Heard County may not have had [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 45: Rufus, the Potbellied Pig In downtown Decatur, storeowner Bill Suits ran afoul of a local law by keeping a potbellied pig (“Rufus”) as a pet. It had been illegal since 1951 to keep farm animals within Decatur city limits. The date of this law’s inception reflects a social change: the gradual urbanization of the state of Georgia. As areas [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 44: The Women of World War II While men were away at war, women filled the workplace. In this episode, three Georgia women recount work experiences. Pat Barrett describes work as a real-life “Rosie the Riveter” (as female assembly line workers were known). Barrett helped build B-29’s for Bell Aircraft. At a time when most African-American women were domestic workers, Creola Barnes [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 43: The Great Depression Residents of Wilkes County recount stories of life in Georgia during the Great Depression. For many rural Southerners, the depression began a decade earlier than for the rest of the nation. The devastating effect of the boll weevil on cotton, compounded by already-low cotton prices, brought hard times to Georgia. Soon after the 1929 stock [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories: The Historic Downtown Moultrie Walking Tour n 1994 the U.S. Department of the Interior listed the Moultrie Commercial Historic District, along with eight other structures, on the National Register of Historic Places. This tour focuses on the history and architecture of landmark buildings in the district, including the Moultrie Banking Company Building, the Colquitt Theater, the Henderson Furniture Building, the Old [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 42: The Birth of the Girl Scouts On March 12, 1912, Savannah resident Juliette Gordon Low started the Girl Guides with 18 participants. It blossomed into the Girl Scouts of America. This program is framed by a look at a modern Girl Scout troop in Augusta, illustrating the contemporary form of Low’s dream. Fran Powell Herron, Director of the Girl Scout National [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 41: Child Labor and the Textile Mills In the early 1900’s, no laws regulated child labor. Children worked long hours for low wages at jobs that were sometimes merely boring, sometimes dangerous. By 1911, Georgia was the only state in the union without child labor laws, a situation perpetuated by many parents and mill owners. Historian John Lupold identifies the factors that [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 40: Rise of Modern Georgia, Part 3 Farming has traditionally been a family business. At one time, milking, hitching the mule team, plowing, drawing water from the well, and cooking on a wood stove were some of the many tasks assigned to children. The school vacation schedule was shaped by the need for child labor on the farms. Tifton guide John Johnson [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 39: Cops and Robbers Television news scenes of high-speed chases down major freeways, investigations of murders and armed robberies, SWAT teams closing in on a drug bust – these are all images that come to mind when we think of the roles played by law enforcement officers. But such images seem foreign to citizens in most of Georgia, who [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 38: The $10 Billion Question In 1995, the Georgia General Assembly authorized the expenditure of nearly $10 billion to pay for the operation of state government during the next fiscal year. Most of the money to pay for this comes from a variety of taxes paid by Georgia citizens and businesses — primarily the sales and income taxes. These state [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 37: The Moment of Silence In 1994 a law was passed that had a direct effect on the life of every student in Georgia. Known as the “Moment of Quiet Reflection,” this law makes a moment of silence mandatory at the beginning of each school day. Commentators include Pointe South Middle School students (Jonesboro), who tell how they spend this [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 36: Land of Opportunity Early in our nation’s history, American colonists created a government guaranteeing the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. What if you were born in a country where you did not have those rights? Touk Phosai Varney was born in Laos where Communist rebels controlled everything from religion to what a person ate [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 35: Fire Fighting, Star Wars Style Community fire protection is a local government function that citizens support through taxes. It is a service so basic that citizens often overlook it until it is needed, and then it can be a matter of life or death. This Georgia Story follows men in one of the busiest fire stations in Atlanta. Capt. Billy [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 34: Criminal Justice and the Juvenile Because the crime rate for those under the age of 17 had nearly doubled in a five year period, the General Assembly authorized a new program to deal with juvenile offenders. Camp Stop, a military-style boot camp, was opened in Milledgeville. Its purpose was to give young offenders a wake-up call and steer them away [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 33: African-American Inventors Georgia inventor and engineer Malcolm Johnson works at Kimberly Clark in Roswell and holds nine patents for inventions. Johnson knew from the third grade he wanted to be an inventor, i.e., come up with an idea for something new and make it. He was curious about the way things worked and liked to experiment. Chris [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 32: The Race Riot of 1906 How can we avoid repeating our past mistakes? One of the best ways is to understand what happened and why it happened so we can avoid doing the same thing in the future. One such event in Georgia’s past was the race riot of 1906. As economic conditions worsened after the Civil War, poor whites [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 31: The Alonzon Herndon Family Who wants to be a millionaire? Even today the word “millionaire” is associated with wealth, so imagine what people thought about millionaires in the early 1900s. Alonzo Herndon, a former slave born in 1858 in Social Circle, was ambitious. He sought to better himself and ultimately became a millionaire in Atlanta. After emancipation, he tried [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 30: Singing the Blues Today we can listen to music just about anywhere and from a wide variety of formats. That was not the case before the turn of the 20th century. If you wanted to hear music, you made it yourself or with your family. Norman and Nancy Blake and James Bryan play American string music and talk [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 29: The Saga of Reconstruction It may be difficult to imagine the total devastation of the South after the Civil War. Cities were destroyed, houses and slave quarters were burned, farmland was ruined, and one out of every five men who went to war never returned. Historians Cliff Kuhn, Marcellus Barksdale, and Gene Hatfield describe the chaos and uncertainty of [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 28: The Railroads and the New Georgia Atlanta was originally called Terminus because it was the end of the line for the Western & Atlantic railroad. Ultimately, railroads made Georgia an economic success and a Civil War target. John Gilbert takes students on a tour of the Big Shanty Museum [now renamed The Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History] and [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 27: Andersonville Prison It would be bad enough to face the enemy on a battlefield, but being a prisoner of war (POW) could be far worse. During the Civil War, both sides had terrible prison camps, but one particular Georgia camp has become synonymous with inhumane treatment. Fort Sumter outside the town of Andersonville housed 30,000 prisoners in [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 26: The Civil War and the Black Soldier Black Americans had a point to prove, and during the Civil War they did. First they fought for the right to fight when many whites did not want them to take up arms, and then they fought and died for a cause bigger than themselves. Within the Union ranks were 200,000 black soldiers–nearly 10 percent [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 25: The Battle of Jonesboro Had the outcome of the battle of Jonesboro been different, the course of history may have been changed. Some say the Union victory helped President Lincoln to get reelected. Gen. William T. Sherman’s plan was to capture Atlanta and cut off the Confederate army’s major supply source which required winning battles in Dalton, Resaca, Kennesaw [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 24: The Trail of Tears Even after the treaty ending Cherokee presence in Georgia was signed, many Indians waited, hoping that it would not happen. However, their removal did happen. Cherokee Indians were rounded up by U.S. soldiers under the command of Gen. Winfred Scott and herded into stockades until all were assembled. Mavis Doering recounts the words she heard [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 23: A Visit to New Echota The Cherokees living in northwest Georgia observed what happened to the Creeks and learned something. They thought if they accepted the white culture and adopted white lifestyles, they could live together in peace with white Georgians. Today, New Echota Historic Site in Gordon County preserves what is left of the Cherokee capital. Ranger Frankie Mewborn [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 22: The Story of Chief William McIntosh Living in two worlds and pleasing the inhabitants of both is not an easy task. William McIntosh, son of a Creek woman and a Scotsman, managed to do it successfully for awhile. Chief McIntosh fought with the Americans during the War of 1812 and was given the rank of general. The Creeks called him the [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 21: African Roots In the 1800s when there was no television to watch, movies to see, or video games to play people had other ways to entertain themselves. African slaves brought with them a strong oral tradition of storytelling, especially trickster tales, and told them in the evenings when the work was done. In trickster tales, the smaller [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 20: The Growth of Slavery The dream of freedom for slaves meant the freedom to be their own masters responsible for themselves and no more whips and chains. Some slaves made that dream a reality when they got on board the Underground Railroad. Savannah tour guide Ogbanna explains the Underground Railroad to students as he asks them to think differently [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 19: King Cotton and the Cotton Gin Today if you drive through Georgia in the summer, you will pass miles and miles of cotton fields. That was not always the case. It took one very small sized invention to make the difference – Eli Whitney’s cotton gin. With the debut of his invention in 1793, the history and economy of Georgia as [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 18: The Nancy Hart Story Have you ever played the parlor game of “telephone” where a phrase is whispered and passed along from person to person? When the final person states it aloud there is generally much laughter since it rarely matches the original phrase. The Nancy Hart story may be a great example of that old game. This reenactment [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 17: The Siege of Savannah When recounting well-known battles of the American Revolution names like Lexington, Saratoga, and Bunker Hill invariably appear. Savannah, site of some of the bloodiest fighting as well as battlefield intrigue, is not often mentioned. From September to October in 1779, Georgia Patriots aided by the French tried to retake Savannah from the British. As explained [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 16: The Big Question Should the colony of Georgia take sides in the impending fight to separate from Great Britain? If the answer is yes, which side should the colony take? Should Georgians side with the Liberty Boys who want a complete separation from Great Britain or should they join the Loyalists who support British rule? That was the [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 15: Georgia’s African Heritage Just a short ferry boat ride away from the Georgia coast lies Hog Hammock, an African American community on Sapelo Island with cultural traditions that tie it to Africa. Slaves came to Georgia bringing nothing more than memories from their African homeland. Cornelia Bailey, a descendant of slaves who worked the plantations on Sapelo, imagines [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 14: Georgia’s Oldest Congregation Within the context of a bar mitzvah, Rabbi R.A. Belzer tells the story of the arrival of Georgia’s first Jewish settlers. Colonial America’s reputation as a haven for those seeking religious freedom is a well-known historical fact. The city of Savannah can boast that it is the home of Congregation Mickve Israel, Georgia’s oldest Jewish [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories: 13: The Scottish Highlanders Look around and you will see people from many different countries studying, living, and working in Georgia. Today’s cultural diversity mirrors the Georgia colony in the early 1700s. One group of colonists from Scotland put down deep roots along the Georgia coast that are in evidence today. Arriving from the highlands of Scotland, this group [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 12: Pirates Pirates! The very word brings shivers to those who sail the seas. Popular movies romanticize their deeds, but to Georgia colonists in the mid-18th century, their exploits were to be feared rather than admired. Georgia’s coast and coastal islands were havens where pirates could hide. Blackbeard Island off the Georgia coast from McIntosh County is [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 11: Colonial Surgeon As it turns out, the phrase “bite the bullet” had real meaning to soldiers wounded on the battlefield. Doctors in the 18th century treated patients without any form of anesthetics and with no knowledge of the importance of hygiene. Biting on a bullet, as demonstrated by Michael Williams, a colonial surgeon reenactor at Wormsloe Plantation [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 10: Daily Life in Georgia Was Georgia the temperate paradise as originally described by James Oglethorpe? Not according to these reenactors. The first English colonists faced a wilderness plagued by insects, heat, and disease. Of the original 144 colonists, nearly one in three died. An annual re-creation of colonial life held at Wormsloe Plantation near Savannah presents an opportunity for [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 9: Keeping Cultures Alive Today Marie Juneluska knows it is important for her daughter Nina to stay connected to her Cherokee heritage. How can she do that in today’s modern society? Marie teaches Nina to make grated corn bread from scratch and drills her on the meaning of Cherokee words as she learns the language. This segment shows ways in [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 8: Tough Choices We make decisions every day and some are far more important than others–they may determine our future. The Cherokees had an important decision to make. Should they maintain their own culture resisting that of the white man, or should they give up their ways and adopt those of white settlers? The Cherokee tried to adapt [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 7: Cultures Blend Do you know any funny stories to tell about your relatives or even yourself? If you do, you know one way that culture and traditions are passed through generations. Learning stories about our past tells us where we came from and it gives us roots. Cherokee John Standingdeer describes how his family was named and [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 6: Hernando de Soto What happens when a primitive society is overrun by a more advanced one? The travels of Hernando de Soto through Georgia and the Southeast are a good illustration of the havoc created especially when a quest for gold is mixed in. Hernando de Soto and his men, already rich from fighting with the Incas in [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 5: Primitive Technology What if there were no shopping malls or grocery stores? Primitive cultures living in Georgia thousands of years ago would not care. Everything they needed, they made. Today it is important to the surviving native cultures to continue practicing the skills and sharing the traditions that ensured survival. Davy Arch, a Cherokee carver shows animal [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 4: Archaeology The word “archaeologist” may conjure up the image of Indiana Jones in romantic, faraway places, but the most exciting archaeological discoveries are under our feet right in our Georgia backyard. Archaeologist John Worth of the Fernbank Museum of Natural History takes us on a dig at Raccoon Ridge near Madison, in Morgan County. Worth’s work [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 3: The Okefenokee Swamp This segment examines typical wildlife found in the swamp and covers the history of people who lived in the swamp. Don Berryhill, science specialist with the Okefenokee Regional Education Service Agency guides students in a canoe through the swamp and points out alligators, snakes, and insect-eating pitcher plants explaining their places in the food chain. [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 2: Geology of Georgia Follow a visit under a mountain led by Allen Padgett from the Department of Natural Resources. Padgett leads a group of students into a cave in Cloudland Canyon in the Appalachian Plateau of northwest Georgia. Along the way he describes how caves and valleys in north Georgia were formed by the forces of nature lifting [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories 1: The Land and Fossils In any story, the stage must first be set. Georgia’s story begins showing how its geography was shaped and molded by the forces of nature. Sweeping scenes show off the geographic variety of the state east to west and north to south, from the ocean to the mountains, the swamp to the rivers, and all [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website Georgia Stories Biographies: Mary Musgrove Born in the 1690’s, Mary Musgrove was the daughter of a British trader and a Creek Indian mother. Known as Coosaponakeesa to the Creek Indians, Mary was raised bilingual. She grew into a kind of bicultural diplomat, bridging the “new” and “olds” worlds of the colonists and Native Americans. In 1711, she married John Musgrove, [...] Listen | Listen in your iPhone | Download | View full cache | Visit Website